A gastroscopy is a procedure used to examine the upper part of the digestive tract, which includes the oesophagus, stomach, and duodenum.

A colonoscopy is an endoscopic procedure used to examine the entire large bowel and is used in screening and diagnosing conditions affecting the lower gastrointestinal tract.

ERCP is a highly specialised endoscopic procedure used to diagnose and treat problems of the bile ducts, gallbladder, and pancreatic duct.

EUS provides detailed imaging of the internal organs adjacent to the digestive tract, such as the pancreas, bile ducts, liver, and lymph nodes and is integral for staging certain cancers or sampling abnormal growths.

Capsule endoscopy is a non-invasive procedure used to take pictures of the entire small intestine (which is difficult to reach with conventional endoscopes).

Enteroscopy is a specialised endoscopic procedure used to examine the small intestine, which is typically beyond the reach of a standard gastroscopy and colonoscopy.

POEM is an advanced, minimally invasive endoscopic procedure used to treat achalasia, a serious motility disorder where the valve at the bottom of the oesophagus fails to relax, making it difficult for food and liquids to pass into the stomach.

EMR is an advanced, minimally invasive technique used to remove large, non-cancerous polyps, superficial cancers, or other lesions from the inner lining of the gastrointestinal tract.

ESD is an advanced, highly technical endoscopic procedure used to remove much larger or deeply invasive superficial cancers or polyps in a single, intact piece.